PERKAWINAN IN FIERI DAN PERKAWINAN IN FACTO ESSE DALAM PEMAHAMAN YURIDIS GEREJA KATOLIK
Abstract
Dignity and marriage institutions with all kinds of complexity are always interesting to be discussed from any aspects. Marriage always has a permanent characteristic whether cultural influences or the mentality of the age changes in concepts and ideas in it. It demands the involvement of the subject (husband and wife) and requires the existence of "consent" as an object of action. The two essential elements; action (actus) and fact (factum) are recorded chronologically in the pattern of cause and effect, which in the juridical understanding of Catholic marriage is read separately, The juridical consequences of the two have a major impact especially on determining the validity and the invalidity of each marriage matter in the Catholic Church. The research method used in this paper is of exegesis and historical-comparative study of the postulates on the Catholic marriage in the CIC 1983. In fieri marriages in turn are an essential moment in assessing the validity of a marriage. The consensus exchanged by the two partners is the realization of their full human will, which must be free from various psychological anomalies and external pressures. He was born from the directness to form a partnership (consortium) which is based on its intrinsic nature and indissolubility.
Martabat dan institusi perkawinan dengan segala macam kompleksitasnya selalu menarik untuk dibahas dari aspek manapun. Seiring perubahan konsep dan ide di dalamnya, entah pengaruh budaya maupun mentalitas zaman, perkawinan selalu mempunyai ciri yang tetap. Ia menuntut keterlibatan subjek (suami-istri) dan mengharuskan adanya “kesepakatan” sebagai objek tindakan. Kedua unsur esensial itu, tindakan (actus) dan fakta (factum), terekam secara kronologis dalam pola sebab akibat, yang dalam pemahaman yuridis perkawinan Katolik dibaca dalam momentum terpisah. Konsekuensi yuridis dari keduanya memiliki dampak besar terutama untuk menentukan validitas dan invaliditas dalam setiap perkara nulitas perkawinan dalam Gereja Katolik. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini ialah metode eksegese dan telaah historis-komparatif atas dalil-dalil mengenai perkawinan Katolik dalam CIC 1983. Perkawinan in fieri pada gilirannya merupakan momentum esensial dalam menilai keabsahan sebuah perkawinan. Konsensus yang saling ditukarkan oleh kedua pasangan merupakan realisasi dari kehendak penuh mereka sebagai manusia, yang harus bebas dari aneka anomali psikologis maupun tekanan eksternal. Ia lahir dari keterarahan untuk membentuk sebuah persekutuan (consortium) yang difondasikan pada sifat hakikinya yang unitas dan indissolubilitas.
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