MEDIASI ELEKTRONIK SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERDATA DI PENGADILAN NEGERI PADA ERA PANDEMI COVID – 19
Abstract
Abstract
Mediation is a method of resolving disputes through a negotiation process to obtain an agreement between the Parties with the assistance of a Mediator. Normally the mediation process is carried out directly face to face. Still, the COVID-19 pandemic that has spread in Indonesia since March 2020 has significantly impacted the order of people's lives, including the justice sector. One of the keys to minimizing the spread of COVID-19 is to reduce the intensity of face-to-face meetings, including implementing the mediation process, which has begun to be directed to be carried out remotely or electronically. This study seeks to provide answers related to the extent of the role of electronic mediation as an alternative to civil dispute resolution in the District Court (PN). In addition, this study also discusses the factors that hinder the implementation of electronic mediation. The research that uses the PN Padang and PN Marabahan as the object of this research is qualitative research with empirical juridical nature. It analyzes the collected data using a qualitative descriptive method. The study results show that in both the PN Padang and PN Marabahan, the application of electronic mediation has not been appropriately implemented and standardized. This can be seen in the non-uniform application of electronic mediation among the district courts that are the research object. At the PN Marabahan, the application of electronic mediation was only carried out several times, but this was not done because it prevented the spread of COVID-19 but had to be done when the province of South Kalimantan experienced a flood. Hence, the parties couldn't attend court. In the PN Padang, electronic mediation has been carried out by one of the judges several times. However, the implementation is still sporadic, where other judges have not utilized the electronic mediation. The factor that hinders the implementation of electronic mediation is that there is no technical rule from the Supreme Court that regulates the implementation of electronic mediation.
Keywords: alternative civil dispute resolution; electronic mediation; COVID-19 pandemic
Abstrak
Mediasi adalah cara penyelesaian sengketa melalui proses perundingan untuk memperoleh kesepakatan Para Pihak dengan dibantu oleh Mediator. Normalnya proses Mediasi dilaksanakan secara langsung dengan bertatap muka, akan tetapi Pandemi COVID – 19 yang merebak di Indonesia sejak bulan Maret 2020 berdampak besar pada tatanan kehidupan masyarakat tidak terkecuali pada sektor peradilan. Salah satu kunci untuk meminimalisasi penyebaran COVID – 19 adalah dengan mengurangi intensitas pertemuan tatap muka secara langsung, termasuk pada pelaksanaan proses Mediasi yang mulai diarahkan untuk dilaksanakan secara jarak jauh atau elektronik. Penelitian ini berupaya memberikan jawaban terkait sejauh mana peranan Mediasi elektronik sebagai alternatif penyelesaian sengketa perdata di Pengadilan Negeri (PN). Selain itu, penelitian ini juga membahas mengenai faktor yang menghambat terimplementasinya Mediasi elektronik. Penelitian yang menjadikan PN Padang dan PN Marabahan sebagai objek penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat yuridis empiris dan menganalisa data yang terkumpul dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwasanya baik di PN Padang maupun PN Marabahan penerapan Mediasi elektronik belum terlaksana dengan baik dan terstandar. Hal ini terlihat pada masih belum seragamnya penerapan Mediasi secara elektronik di antara pengadilan negeri yang menjadi objek penelitian. Pada PN Marabahan penerapan Mediasi elektronik baru dilaksanakan beberapa kali namun hal tersebut dilakukan bukan karena mencegah penyebaran COVID – 19 tetapi terpaksa dilakukan saat provinsi Kalimantan Selatan mengalami musibah banjir sehingga para pihak tidak mungkin hadir ke pengadilan. Pada PN Padang Mediasi elektronik sudah beberapa kali dilaksanakan oleh salah seorang Hakim, namun pelaksanaannya masih bersifat sporadis dimana Hakim – Hakim lain belum memanfaatkan Mediasi elektronik tersebut. Faktor yang menghambat terlaksananya Mediasi secara elektronik adalah dikarenakan belum adanya aturan teknis dari Mahkamah Agung yang mengatur pelaksanaan Mediasi secara elektronik Kondisi ini ditambah juga dengan adanya ketidakpahaman dari masyarakat pengguna peradilan terkait dimungkinkannya pelaksaanaan Mediasi secara elektronik.
Kata kunci : alternatif penyelesaian sengketa perdata; mediasi elektronik; pandemi COVID – 19
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