Perlindungan Hak dalam Mendapatkan Pekerjaan yang Layak terhadap Mitra dari Perusahaan Jasa Transportasi Daring

  • Whitney Brigitta Sinaga Universitas Airlangga
  • Nadia Intan Rahmahafida Universitas Airlangga

Abstract

This research aims to analyze and study legal protection and human rights for partners of online transportation service companies using normative juridical methods with a conceptual approach and a statutory approach. The novelty of this research with previous research is thatthis research discusses the legal position of partners in online motorcycle taxi companies and legal and human rights protection for online motorcycle taxi partners. Therefore, it can seem from the nature of the cooperative relationship, Go-Jek's partners are unattached by the employment agreement regulated in Article 1 number 15 concerning Law No.13/2003 so there is no mechanism for systematic wage distribution. The existence of Law No.13/2003 protects many basic rights that are fundamental to workers' lives. However, Law No.13/2003 is still limited to workers whose considered official employees in a company, whose legal protection is still unclear in protecting human rights caused by other people so that people can relish all the rights granted by law. On the other hand, the state also should protect these rights legally and within the system set out in the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) and In theICESCR Convention in article 6 paragraph (2). Therefore, legislation is indeed a needed main problem in solving a case. The government can review Law No.13/2003 by widening the range of types of workers, nor clarifying the definitions and requirements of elements that canclassify workers into types the contracts.

Keywords: human rights; legal protection; partner position; transportation service

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengkaji perlindungan hukum dan hak asasi manusia terhadap mitra dari perusahaan jasa transportasi daring dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Kebaruan dari penelitian ini dengan penelitian terdahulu yakni penelitian ini membahas mengenai kedudukan hukum mitra pada perusahaan ojek daring serta perlindungan hukum dan HAM terhadap mitra ojek daring. Oleh karena itu, terlihat dari sifat hubungan kerjasamanya, para mitra Go-Jek tidak terikat dengan perjanjian kerja yang diatur dalam Pasal 1 angka 15 tentang UU No.13 Tahun 2003 sehingga tidak ada mekanisme pembagian upah yang sistematis. Keberadaan UU No.13/2003 melindungi banyak hak dasar yang mendasar bagi kehidupan pekerja. Namun, UU No.13/2003 masih terbatas pada pekerja yang dianggap pegawai resmi di suatu perusahaan, yang belum jelas perlindungan hukumnya dalam melindungi hak asasi manusia yang disebabkan oleh orang lain agar masyarakat dapat menikmati semua hak yang diberikan oleh undang-undang. Di sisi lain, negara juga memiliki kewajiban untuk melindungi hak-hak tersebut secara hukum dandalam sistem yang diatur dalam United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) dan Pasal  6  ayat  (2)  ICESCR.  Oleh karena itu,  perundang-undangan memang menjadi masalah utama yang dibutuhkan dalam menyelesaikan suatu perkara. Pemerintah dapat mengkaji ulang UU No.13/2003dengan memperluas jenis pekerja, serta mengklarifikasi definisi dan persyaratan elemen yang dapat mengklasifikasikan pekerja ke dalamjenis kontrak yang ada.

Kata kunci: hak asasi manusia; jasa transportasi; kedudukan mitra; perlindungan hukum

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Arnhart, Larry. 1998. ‘Darwinian Natural Right: The Biological Ethics of Human Nature’ (State University of New York Press)

Ayuwuragil, Kustin. 2018. ‘5 Masalah Kesejahteraan Yang Dikeluhkan Sopir Ojek “Online”’, CNN Indonesia <https://www.cnnindonesia.com/teknologi/20180410195433-185-289823/5-masalah-kesejahteraan-yang-dikeluhkan-sopir-ojek-online>

Botero, Juan C, Simeon Djankov, Rafael La Porta, Florencio Lopez-De-Silanes, Andrei Shleifer, and others. 2004. ‘The Regulation of Labour*’

Bruntz, John. 1991. ‘The Employee/Independent Contractor Dichotomy: A Rose Is Not Always A Rose’’, Hofstra Labor and Employment Law Journal, 8.2 <https://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/hlelj/vol8/iss2/3/>

Clapham, Andrew, and Scott Jerbi. 2001. ‘Categories of Corporate Complicity in Human Rights Abuses’, Hastings International and Comparative Law Review, 24.3 <https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_international_comparative_law_review/vol24/iss3/5/>

Cragg, Wesley. 2005. ‘Ethics Codes, Corporations, and the Challenge of Globalization’ (Edward Elgar): 396

Darmajaya, Wayan Andika. 2016. ‘Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak-Hak Pekerja Di PT. Go-Jek Yogyakarta’ (Universitas Muhammadiyah)

Donovan, Sarah A., David H. Bradley, and Jon O. Shimabukuro. 2016. What Does the Gig Economy Mean for Workers? (USA)

Hadjon, Philipus M. 1987. Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Rakyat Di Indonesia, 1st edn (Surabya: Bina Ilmu)

Haerani, Ruslan. 2021. ‘Perjanjian Kemitraan Antara Pt. Gojek Indonesia Dengan Driver Transportasi Berbasis Teknologi Di Pulau Lombok (Study Di Pulau Lombok)’, Res Justitia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 1.2: 157–67 <https://doi.org/0.46306/rj.v1i2.10>

Hannum, Hurst. 1998. ‘The UDHR in National and International Law’, Health and Human Rights, 3.2 <https://cdn2.sph.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/125/2014/04/16-Hannum.pdf>

ILO. 1993. ‘Resolution Concerning the International Classification of Status in Employment (ICSE)’, Conference of Labour Statisticians <https://www.ilo.org/global/statistics-and-databases/standards-and-guidelines/resolutions-adopted-by-international-conferences-of-labour-statisticians/WCMS_087562/lang--en/index.htm>

Irawan, Yohanes Kurnia. 2018. ‘Bonus Poin Berubah Sepihak, Pengemudi Demo Kantor Gojek’, Kompas <https://regional.kompas.com/read/2018/03/27/20452461/bonus-poin-berubah-sepihak-pengemudi-demo-kantor-gojek?page=all>

Latupono, Barzah. 2011. ‘Perlindungan Hukum Dan Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Pekerja Kontrak (Outsourcing)’, Sasi, 17.3 <https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v17i3.366>

Lauren, Paul Gordon. 1983. ‘First Principles of Racial Equality: History and the Politics and Diplomacy of Human Rights Provisions in the United Nations Charter’, Human Rights Quarterly, 5.1 (JSTOR): 1 <https://doi.org/10.2307/761870>

Lyons, Gene M., and James. Mayall. 2003. ‘International Human Rights in the 21st Century : Protecting the Rights of Groups’ (Rowman & Littlefield Publishers): 226

Mawanda, M. Kharis, and Adam Mushi. 2019. ‘Perlindungan Hukum Mitra Ojek Daring Di Indonesia’, Lentera Hukum, 6.1: 35–54 <https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19184/ejlh.v6i1.9203>

Nastiti, Aulia. 2017. ‘Cerita Pengemudi Menguak Eksploitasi Di Gojek, Grab, Dan Uber’, The Conversation <https://theconversation.com/cerita-pengemudi-menguak-eksploitasi-di-gojek-grab-dan-uber-84599>

Ramasastry, Anita. 2002. ‘Corporate Complicity: From Nuremberg to Rangoon: An Examination of Forced Labor Cases and Their Impact on the Liability of Multinational Corporations’, Berkeley Law, 20.1: 91 <https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.15779/Z388921>

Ruggie, John. 2012. ‘The Corporate Responbility to Respect Human Rights An Interpretive Guide’ (United Nation)

Shofie, Yusuf. 2000. Perlindungan Konsumen Dan Instrumen-Instrumen Hukumnya (Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti)

Sinaga, David Herianto, and I Wayan Wiryawan. 2020. ‘Keabsahan Kontrak Elektronik (E-Contract) Dalam Perjanjian Bisnis’, Kertha Semaya : Journal Ilmu Hukum, 8.9: 1385 <https://doi.org/10.24843/ks.2020.v08.i09.p09>

Sinaga, Niru Anita, and Tiberius Zaluchu. 2017. ‘Perlindungan Hukum Hak-Hak Pekerja Dalam Hubungan Ketenagakerjaan Di Indonesia’, Teknologi Industri, 6 <https://journal.universitassuryadarma.ac.id/index.php/jti/article/view/754>

Skocpol, Theda, and Kenneth Finegold. 1982. ‘State Capacity and Economic Intervention in the Early New Deal’, Political Science Quarterly, 97.2: 255–78

Wiharso, Seta. 2017. ‘E-Contract Pt. Gojek Indonesia Perspektif Hukum Perjanjian Syariah’ (Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga)

Wilshaw, Rachel, Bryony Timms, and Sophie Niven. 2013. ‘Business and Human Rights: An Oxfam Perspective on the UN Guiding Principle’, Oxfarm International, p. 10 <https://policy-practice.oxfam.org/resources/business-and-human-rights-an-oxfam-perspective-on-the-un-guiding-principles-293857/>

Published
2023-02-23
Section
Articles