Peranan Perilaku Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dalam Mencegah Terjadinya Kelelahan Kerja Yang Kronis Pada Pekerja di Masa Pandemi Global Covid-19
Abstract
The global Covid-19 pandemic has had an unfavorable impact on workers in Indonesia. Several employee surveys conducted in Indonesia and abroad show an increase in employee burnout. In general, the cause of this is increased work stress resulting from dynamic situations during the global COVID-19 pandemic, such as a reduction in employees, changing working hours, new working habits, and other things that can increase workers' stress. One of the things that organizations or companies can do to prevent the occurrence of chronic work fatigue in workers is to provide leaders from the lowest to the highest levels to have transformational leadership behavior. This study conducted a descriptive literature review on these two variables and showed that transformational leadership behavior has a key role in the behavioral characteristics possessed in reducing or inhibiting the occurrence of employee burnout.
Downloads
References
Abramson, A. (2022). Burnout and Stress Are Everywhere (hlm. 72). American Psychological Association. https://www.apa.org/monitor/2022/01/special-burnout-stress
Azhar, F., & Iriani, D. U. (2021). Determinan Stres Kerja pada Aparatur Sipil Negara Dinas Pendidikan Kota Cilegon Saat Work From Home di Era Pandemi COVID-19 Tahun 2020. Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v31i1.3521
Bakker, A. B., & de Vries, J. D. (2021). Job Demands–Resources theory and self-regulation: New explanations and remedies for job burnout. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 34(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2020.1797695
Bosak, J., Kilroy, S., Chênevert, D., & C Flood, P. (2021). Examining the role of transformational leadership and mission valence on burnout among hospital staff. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 8(2), 208–227. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-08-2020-0151
Breevaart, K., & Bakker, A. B. (2018). Daily job demands and employee work engagement: The role of daily transformational leadership behavior. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 23(3), 338–349. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000082
Carless, S. A., & Mann, A. J. W. L. (2000). A Short Measure of Transformational Leadership. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND PSYCHOLOGY, 14, 389–405.
Charoensukmongkol, P., & Puyod, J. V. (2021). Influence of transformational leadership on role ambiguity and work–life balance of Filipino University employees during COVID-19: Does employee involvement matter? International Journal of Leadership in Education, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2021.1882701
Darniati Putri, Q., Pradita, L., Zahra, L., Ema Linda Siregar, M., & Grasiaswaty, N. (2021). GAMBARAN STRES KERJA PADA IBU PEKERJA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19. HEARTY, 8(2), 58. https://doi.org/10.32832/hearty.v8i2.4565
Diebig, M., Poethke, U., & Rowold, J. (2017). Leader strain and follower burnout: Exploring the role of transformational leadership behaviour. German Journal of Human Resource Management: Zeitschrift Für Personalforschung, 31(4), 329–348. https://doi.org/10.1177/2397002217721077
Dyrbye, L. N., Shanafelt, T. D., Johnson, P. O., Johnson, L. A., Satele, D., & West, C. P. (2019). A cross-sectional study exploring the relationship between burnout, absenteeism, and job performance among American nurses. BMC Nursing, 18(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-019-0382-7
Fikri, H., & Prastyani, D. (2021). Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Masa Pandemi Covid 19 : Kinerja Karyawan Dimediasi Oleh Motivasi. PUBLIKA Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 10(2), 8–20. https://doi.org/10.47007/publika.v10i2.4820
Gom, D., Lew, T. Y., Jiony, M. M., Tanakinjal, G. H., & Sondoh, S. (2021). The Role of Transformational leadership and Psychological Capital in the Hotel Industry: A Sustainable Approach to Reducing Turnover Intention. Sustainability, 13(19), 10799. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910799
Green, B. N., Johnson, C. D., & Adams, A. (2006). Writing narrative literature reviews for peer-reviewed journals: Secrets of the trade. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 5(3), 101–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-3467(07)60142-6
Jourdain, G., & Chênevert, D. (2015). The Moderating Influence of Perceived Organizational Values on the Burnout-Absenteeism Relationship. Journal of Business and Psychology, 30(1), 177–191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-014-9346-9
Karunia, A. M., & Jatmiko, B. P. (2020, Juni 5). Survei PPM Manajemen: 80 Persen Pekerja Mengalami gejala Stres Karena Khawatir Kesehatan. Kompas.com. https://money.kompas.com/read/2020/06/05/133207026/survei-ppm-manajemen-80-persen-pekerja-mengalami-gejala-stres-karena-khawatir
Khan, I. (2016). The Impacts of Burnout, Absenteeism and Commitment on Intention to Leave. Journal of Education and Practice, 5.
Kim, H., Im, J., & Shin, Y. H. (2021). The impact of transformational leadership and commitment to change on restaurant employees’ quality of work life during a crisis. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 48, 322–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.07.010
Kim, H., Ji, J., & Kao, D. (2011). Burnout and Physical Health among Social Workers: A Three-Year Longitudinal Study. Social Work, 56(3), 258–268. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/56.3.258
Kim, H.-D., & Cruz, A. B. (2022). Transformational leadership and Psychological Well-Being of Service-Oriented Staff: Hybrid Data Synthesis Technique. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13), 8189. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138189
Khotijah, S. N., Dwi Nugroho, S. W., & Darmawati, D. (2022). Peran Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Kompetensi, Kesiapan Berubah dalam Mencapai Kinerja pada masa Pandemi. E-Journal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 9(2), 71. https://doi.org/10.19184/ejeba.v9i2.34087
Kloutsiniotis, P. V., Mihail, D. M., Mylonas, N., & Pateli, A. (2022). Transformational Leadership, HRM practices and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of personal stress, anxiety, and workplace loneliness. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 102, 103177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2022.103177
Ramadan, W., & Firmansyah, Y. (2021). Gaya Kepemimpinan Era Covid-19: Transaksional dan Transformasional Serta Pengaruhnya Terhadap Efektivitas Work From Home (Studi Pada Karyawan WFH di Bandung). The 12th Industrial Research Workshop and National Seminar, 1597–1604. https://jurnal.polban.ac.id/proceeding/article/view/2991
Ronald, B., & Marc, L. (2021). The leadership challenge in times of the COVID 19 pandemic—An empirical investigation on the impact of transformational leadership on motivation and team performance. 14, 22.
Schmitt, A., Den Hartog, D. N., & Belschak, F. D. (2016). Transformational leadership and proactive work behaviour: A moderated mediation model including work engagement and job strain. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 89(3), 588–610. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12143
Schonfeld, I. S., & Bianchi, R. (2016). Burnout and Depression: Two Entities or One?: Burnout and Depression. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 72(1), 22–37. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22229
Snilstveit, B., Oliver, S., & Vojtkova, M. (2012). Narrative approaches to systematic review and synthesis of evidence for international development policy and practice. Journal of Development Effectiveness, 4(3), 409–429. https://doi.org/10.1080/19439342.2012.710641
Trudel, L. E., Sokal, L, & Babb, Jeff. (2022). Transformational leadership Approaches and Their Influence on Teacher Resilience During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Organizational Psychology, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.33423/jop.v22i1.5019
Umehara, K., Ohya, Y., Kawakami, N., Tsutsumi, A., & Fujimura, M. (2007). Association of Work‐Related Factors with Psychosocial Job Stressors and Psychosomatic Symptoms among Japanese Pediatricians. Journal of Occupational Health, 49(6), 467–481. https://doi.org/10.1539/joh.49.467
Wu, T.-Y., Chung, P. F., Liao, H.-Y., Hu, P.-Y., & Yeh, Y.-J. (2019). Role ambiguity and economic hardship as the moderators of the relation between abusive supervision and job burnout: An Application of uncertainty management theory. The Journal of General Psychology, 146(4), 365–390. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2019.1585323
Xiao, Y., & Watson, M. (2019). Guidance on Conducting a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93–112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X17723971
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.