KRITIK TERHADAP NILAI PHALLOSENTRIS DALAM NOVEL SAMAN, LARUNG, DAN ANIME JUNJOU ROMANTICA: STUDI KOMPARATIF GENRE ‘SASTRA WANGI’ AND GENRE ‘YAOI’
Abstract
Abstract. This paper discuss about gender and sexuality in popular literature by doing comparative studies of Indonesian literary works and Japanese literary works. In Indonesian literature, there is a genre called ‘sastra wangi’ (fragrant literature) that has emerged since Ayu Utami’s first novel Saman published in 1998 two weeks prior to Suharto’s fall, and in 2001 Ayu Utami’s next Larung was published. Those two novels represent the ‘sastra wangi’ genre. The label of ‘sastra wangi’ refers to somewhat disapproving term, because for the writer like Ayu Utami the freedom of expression is everyone’s right, including the discussing about sexuality. Meanwhile in Japanese literature and populer culture, there is a genre called ‘yaoi’ which illustrating a homesexual relation between male. ‘yaoi’ genre can be found at many artworks, such as manga, anime, novel, and film. The anime Junjou Romantica is one of the artwork represented the ‘yaoi’ genre. This paper is aim at showing how discourse in novel Saman, Larung, and anime Junjou Romantica are represented through the narration and character’s expression, are those the discourses express the ‘woman freedom’, and then are there any parallelism between ‘sastra wangi’ genre and ‘yaoi’ genre. By using comparative method with postructuralism feminist (postfeminism) perspective, it is found those novels Saman, Larung, and anime Junjou Romantica showing many discourses through portraying the character’s expression and thier narration. The discourses in novel Saman and Larung are conveying the criticism of phallocentris’values, such as denying a marriage's value and destabilizing heterosexual relation by doing free sex and homosexual attitude. From all the main character which portrayed in novel Saman, Larung, and Junjou Romantica, we can see the same discourses reveal the expression of woman freedom from male’s domination. Keyword: Yaoi genre, Fragrant literature, Junjou Romantica, PostfeminismDownloads
References
Aa Saputra, Noviyanti. Aneros, Herniwati. Herniwati. 2016.“Analisis Makna Kotowaza dalam Anime Junjo Romantica 1 dan 2â€.Japanedu. Vol .(1) No. 3. ejournal. Upi.edu. diakses pada tanggal 25 Agustus 2017.
Anis, Endang Sri Murwani. 2015 “Feminism Undone : Stereotipisasi Perempuan dalam Sinetron Tukang Bubur Naik
Haji, the series (TBNH)â€. Masters thesis, Postgraduate Program in Communication Studies.
Brooks, Ann. 2004. Posfeminisme dan Cultural Studies: Sebuah pengantar Paling Komprehensif. Yogyakarta: Jalasutra.
Budiman, Manneke. 2005. “Ketika Perempuan Menulis†dalam Srintil 8. Depok: Desantara.
Budianta, Melani. 2003. Wawancara: “Merekam Penulis perempuan dalam Sejarah Kesusastraan “. Jurnal Perempuan
No. 30, hlm. 100-107. Perempuan dalam Seni Sastra.
Damono, Sapardi Djoko. 2005. Pegangan Penelitian Sastra Bandingan. Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa.
Janssen, Piter. 19 Oktober 2003. “Indonesia’s Literary Ladies†Newsweek Magazine. The Daily Beast, diakses pada hari
Rabu , tanggal 23 Agustus 2017.
Junaidi, A. Tanggal 13 Maret 2005 “Women Reject Categorization, Defend Literary Voiceâ€. The Jakarta Post, diakses,
pada hari Selasa tanggal 8 November 2016.
Kimura, Ryoko. 2010. Shufu no Tanjou: Fujin Zasshi to Josei Tachi no Kindai. Tokyo: Yoshikawa Bunkan.
Mizoguchi, Akiko. 2008. “Reading and Living Yaoi: Male-Male Fantasy Narrative as Women’s Sexual Subculture in Japanâ€. Program Doktoral. Program in Visual and Culture Studies. Universitas of Rochester. New York.
Nakamura, Sungiku. Anime Junjo Romantica Season 1. 2008. Kadokawa Picture. Japan.
Nurgiantoro, Burhanudin. 2009. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Jogjakarta: Gajahmada University Press.
Pratista, Himawan. 2008. Memahami Film. Jogjakarta: Homerian Pustaka.
Purwanti, Yuni. 2009. “Novel Saman dan Larung Karya Ayu Utama dalam Perspektif Gender†Tesis. Universitas Sebelas
Maret.
Ratna, Nyoman Kutha. 2004. Teori, Metode dan Teknik Penulisan Sastra. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Silaswati, Diana. 2015. “Model Analisis Wacana Kritis dalam Pengkajian Dwilogi Saman dan Larung Karya Ayu Utami
untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mahasiswa Menganalisis Wacana Berideologi Feminisâ€. Disertasi. Universitas
Pendidikan Indonesia
Suzuki, Midori. 2013. "The Possibilities of Research on Fujoshi in Japan." In "Transnational Boys' Love Fan Studies," edited by Kazumi Nagaike and Katsuhiko Suganuma, special issue, Transformative Works and Cultures, no. 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3983/twc.2013.0462.
Yoshida, Shiori. 2014 “婦女åã¨å¤¢å¥³åã®ç«‹ã¡ä½ç½®ã®ç›¸é•â€ç¦å²¡å¥³å¦é™¢å¤§å¦ç´€è¦ï¼Žäººæ–‡å¦éƒ¨ç·¨ï¼Žç¬¬24å·, hlm. 61- 81. Repository.fukujo.ac.jp. diakses pada hari Senin, tanggal 22 Agustus 201
Utami, Ayu. 1993. Saman. Jakarta: KPG (Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia)
Utami, Ayu. 2001. Larung. Jakarta: KPG (Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia).
Wahyudi, Ibnu. 2005. “Dominasi Semu Sastra Wangi†dalam Susastra 2. Vol-1. Jakarta: Matafor Publishing.
(https://dic.pixiv.net/a/ã‚„ãŠã„). diakses pada tanggal 23 Agustus 2017.
Authors publishing in the Journal will be asked to sign a Copyright Assignment Form. In signing the form, it is assumed that authors have obtained permission to use any copyrighted or previously published material. All authors must read and agree to the conditions outlined in the form, and must sign the form or agree that the corresponding author can sign on their behalf. Articles cannot be published until a signed form has been received.It is a condition of publication that authors assign copyright or license the publication rights in their articles, including abstracts, to email jurnalparafrase@untag-sby.ac.id. . This enables us to ensure full copyright protection and to disseminate the article, and of course the Journal to the widest possible readership in print and electronic formats as appropriate.
