FIGUR FEMINIS DI MASA KOLONIAL DALAM NOVEL LARASATI KARYA PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER
Abstract
Artikel ini membahas novel Larasati yang ditulis oleh Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Novel Larasati menceritakan tentang perjuangan seorang perempuan apda masa kolonial bernama Larasati. Terdapat dua fokus pembahasan terkait dengan novel Larasati dalam artikel ini. Pertama adalah pembahasan mengenai figur feminis dalam novel Larasati. Dengan memanfaatkan teori kritik sastra feminisme, ditemukan bahwa tokoh utama dalam novel Larasati, Larasati menunjukkan beberapa karakteristik sebagai seorang feminis. Meski demikian, terdapat beberapa tindakan dan keputusan tokoh yang kemudian menunjukkan keambivalensian feminisme pada karakter Larasati. Pembahasan kedua menyoroti tentang Pramoedya Ananta Toer sebagai penulis Larasati. Dengan menggunakan konsep écriture feminine (feminine writing), artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap apakah Larasati merupakan sebuah écriture feminine dari Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meski tokoh Larasati menunjukkan beberapa karakter feminis, Larasati bukanlah sebuah écriture feminine.Downloads
References
Appignanesi, R. dan Chris Garratt. (1995). Introducing Postmodernism. New York: Totem Books.
Badran, Margot. (2009). Feminism in Islam: Secular and Religious Convergences. Oxford: Oneworld.
Baumgardner, Jennifer. (2011). F'em: Goo Goo, Gaga and Some Thoughts on Balls. Berkeley: Seal Press.
Biswas, A.R. (2005). Critique of Poetics. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers & Distributors.
Bressler, Charles E. (1999). Literary Criticism. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Damono, Sapardi Djoko. (1978). Sosiologi Sastra (Sebuah Pengantar Ringkas). Jakarta: Depdikbud.
Dixon, Marlene. (1969). “Why Women’s Liberation?”. Chicago Women’s Liberation Union. Chicago: Chicago Women’s Liberation Union.
Djokosujanto, Apsanti. (2003). Wanita dalam Kesusasteraan Perancis. Magelang: Indonesiatera.
Duggan, Lisa dan Nan D. Hunter. (1995). Sex Wars: Sexual Dissent and Political Culture. New York: Routledge.
Dworkin, Andrea dan Catharine MacKinnon. (1988). Pornography and Civil Rights: A New Day for Women's Equality. Minneapolis: Organizing Against Pornography.
Gamble, Sarah. (2010). Pengantar Memahami Feminisme dan Post-feminisme. Terj. Tim Penerjemah Jalasutra. Yogyakarta: Jalasutra.
Hawkesworth, Mary E. (2006). Globalization and Feminist Activism. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
Henry, Astrid. (2004). Not My Mother's Sister: Generational Conflict and Third-Wave Feminism. Indiana: Indiana University Press.
Iannello, Kathleen P. (2011). “Third-wave Feminism and Individualism: Promoting Equality or Reinforcing the Status Quo”. Women in Politics: Outsiders or Insiders? A Collection of Readings Fifth Edition. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Koh, Young Hun. (2011). Pramoedya Menggugat, Melacak Jejak Indonesia. Jakarta: Gramedia Penerbit Buku Utama.
Nopianingsih, Dewi. (2004). “Citra Perempuan dan Bias Gender dalam Novel Larasati Karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer: Analisis Kritik Sastra Feminis”. Skripsi Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta: tidak diterbitkan.
Palander-Collin, Minna. (1999). “Male and Female Styles in 17th Century Correspondence: I THINK”. Language Variation and Change Volume 11. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Peay, Pythia. (2005). “Feminism's Fourth Wave”. Utne Reader 128th Edtion. Topeka: Ogden Publications.
Rahwati, Wiwit (2017). “Kritik terhadap Nilai Phallosentris dalam Novel Saman, Larung, dan Anime Junjou Romantica: Studi Komparatif Genre ‘Sastra Wangi’ dan Genre ‘Yaoi’”. Parafrase Vol. 17 No. 02 Oktober 2017. https://doi.org/10.30996/parafrase.v17i2.1373
Saptari, Ratna dan Brigitte Holzner. (1997). Perempuan, Kerja, dan Perubahan Sosial: Sebuah Pengantar Studi Perempuan, Volume 1. Jakarta: Pustaka Utama Grafiti.
Sugihastuti dan Suharto. (2002). Kritik Sastra Feminis: Teori dan Aplikasinya. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Tong, Rosemarie. (2005). Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction (Third Ed.). Boulder: Westview Press.
Walker, Rebecca. (1992). “Becoming the Third Wave”. Ms. New York: Liberty Media for Women.
Authors publishing in the Journal will be asked to sign a Copyright Assignment Form. In signing the form, it is assumed that authors have obtained permission to use any copyrighted or previously published material. All authors must read and agree to the conditions outlined in the form, and must sign the form or agree that the corresponding author can sign on their behalf. Articles cannot be published until a signed form has been received.It is a condition of publication that authors assign copyright or license the publication rights in their articles, including abstracts, to email jurnalparafrase@untag-sby.ac.id. . This enables us to ensure full copyright protection and to disseminate the article, and of course the Journal to the widest possible readership in print and electronic formats as appropriate.
