IMAGINING INDONESIA IN LEILA S. CHUDORI’S PULANG AND AGAM WISPI’S PULANG: AN INTERTEXTUALANALYSIS
Abstract
Abstract. Menjadi seorang exile dan kerinduan akan tanah air adalah tema yang di-ekspose oleh dua penulis yaitu, Agam Wispi dan Leila S. Chudori. Karena alas an politik Agam Wispi harus meninggalkan negara asalnya yaitu Indonesia dan hidup sebagai seorang eksil. Kerinduan akan tanah airnya diungkapkan dalam puisinya yang berjudul Pulang. Novel Leila S. Chudori yang berjudul Pulang, juga bercerita tentangkehidupan seorang eksil yang bernama Dimas Suryo. Latar belakang Pulang dimulai pada tahun 1965 dan berakhir pada tahun 1998. Dimas Suryo, dan rekan-rekannya yang menghadiri konferensi wartawan di Santiago, Chili, pada saat terjadiperistiwa G 30 S tidak bias pulang karena paspor mereka dicabut dan mereka tidak bisa kembali ke Indonesia. Pindah dari Cile ke Kuba kemudian ke China, akhirnya berakhir menetap di Paris di mana mereka membuka restoran. Meskipun dipisahkan oleh jarak yang jauh dari tanah air mereka, kerinduan mereka untuk berhubungan dengan Indonesia adalah kunci dari novel tersebut.Tulisan ini mengeksplorasi hubungan intertekstual antara Pulang karya Agam Wispi dan Pulang karya Leila S.Chudori. Dengan menggunakan teoriinterteks yang diekspose oleh Roland Barthes dan Rifatterre, makalah ini berupaya untuk melihat bagaimana Pulang karyaAgam Wispi, seorang penulis eksil Indonesia, memiliki persamaan dan perbedaan dengan Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori, seorang penulis wanita Indonesia yang terkenal pada saat ini.
Keywords: intertextuality, exiles
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References
Barthes has said that all texts are potentially plural and that they cannot be considered singular objects. What has been clear from the discussion is that Chudori’s Pulang implicitly and explicitly refers to Wispi’s Pulang.
The connections that Chudori established between Pulang and Wispi’s Pulang should be analyzed in order to discover their connotations. The writer argues that Chudori’s Pulang is a pastiche of Wispi’s Pulang in the sense that Chudori has taken the elements from Wispi’s Pulang and reconstructed them. Chudori’s Pulang has made new connections and has added new elements to the original one. On one hand, Chudori’s Pulang has made a faithful imitation, while on the other hand, the pastiche is more subconscious, since Chudori’s Pulang incorporated other texts and influenced into this new text.
Through the analysis, it can be stated that there are connections between Chudori’s Pulang and Wispi’s Pulang. Chudori’s Pulang reconstructs Wispi’s Pulang. Chudori underscores her points of view and elaborates on possible situations that Agam Wispi could not make happen. Rather than deconstructs his work, she enhances it and thereby encourages readers to also read Agam Wispi’s Pulang..
The differences in setting in these two literary works can be ascribed to the different time and place these works were written in and the subsequent differences in attitude the events are interpreted with. For all readers decode the texts differently, depending on their personal and literary backgrounds. Chudori elaborates on Wispi’s Pulang instead of replacing it. For it is almost impossible to appreciate Chudori’s Pulang to the fullest extent if one has not read Wispi’s Pulang. And this is why she considers the relationship among these two works to be continuous.
Tri P. & Y.B. Agung P. – Imagining Indonesia
Parafrase Vol. 16 No.01 Mei 2016
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