Peranan trait kepribadian dalam health risk behavior: Tinjauan berdasarkan Five Factors Model
Abstract
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases cause around 70% of deaths in the world due to health risk behaviours. Several studies reveal that health risk behaviours are associated with personality traits possessed by individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between personality traits and health risk behaviour. This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study design. The number of research samples was 399 first-year students who were taken using a simple random sampling technique. The research instrument used the big five personality test (α= 0.829) and the health risk behaviour inventory (α=0.784). The results of the Pearson correlation test showed that the five personality traits were negatively correlated with physical activity; neuroticism, openness, and conscientiousness traits were negatively correlated with eating and sleeping habits; extraversion and openness traits correlated with alcohol consumption; whereas smoking is correlated with conscientiousness, and use of drugs is correlated with agreeableness, both in the direction of negative correlation. Further research is needed to include other factors that can influence whether there is a correlation or the direction of correlation between variables.
Keywords: five-factor model; college student; health risk behaviour; personality traits
Abstrak
Sekitar 70% kematian di dunia diakibatkan oleh penyakit-penyakit tidak menular yang dapat terjadi karena perilaku berisiko kesehatan. Sejumlah penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa perilaku berisiko kesehatan yang dilakukan berkaitan dengan trait kepribadian yang dimiliki individu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara trait kepribadian dengan perilaku berisiko kesehatan (health risk behavior). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 399 orang mahasiswa tahun pertama yang diambil menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan the big five personality test (α= 0.829) dan health risk behavior inventory (α=0.784). Hasil uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan bahwa kelima trait kepribadian berkorelasi negatif dengan aktivitas fisik; trait neuroticism, openness dan conscientiousness berkorelasi negatif dengan kebiasaan/pola makan dan kebiasaan tidur; trait extraversion dan openness berkorelasi dengan konsumsi alkohol; sedangkan merokok berkorelasi dengan conscientiousness; dan penggunaan obat-obatan berkorelasi dengan agreeableness, keduanya dengan arah korelasi negatif. Penelitian secara lebih lanjut diperlukan dengan mengikutsertakan faktor-faktor lain yang memiliki kemungkinan dalam mempengaruhi ada tidaknya korelasi ataupun arah korelasi antar variabel.
Kata kunci: five-factor model; mahasiswa; trait kepribadian; health risk behavior
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References
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