Stres kerja dan cyberloafing pada karyawan
Keywords:
stres kerja, cyberloafing, karyawan, instansi pemerintahanAbstract
Abstract
The increasing integration of digital technology in the workplace has made internet use indispensable, while simultaneously giving rise to cyberloafing, defined as employees’ use of organizational internet resources for personal purposes during working hours. Job stress has been identified as a potential psychological antecedent of cyberloafing, particularly when perceived job demands exceed individual coping resources. This study examines the relationship between job stress and cyberloafing among employees of the Social Service Office of Surabaya City. This study employed a quantitative correlational design was employed, involving 112 employees as participants. Data were collected using validated job stress and cyberloafing scales with a five-point Likert format. Given the non-normal distribution of the data, Spearman’s Rank correlation was applied for hypothesis testing. The results revealed a positive and highly significant association between job stress and cyberloafing (rs = 0.602, p < 0.01). These findings are consistent with the Transactional Model of Stress, which suggests that individuals may engage in maladaptive coping strategies when confronted with excessive work demands. In conclusion, job stress constitutes a significant factor associated with cyberloafing behavior among employees in governmental institutions, highlighting the importance of effective stress management and clear internet usage policies
Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi digital menjadikan internet sebagai bagian penting dalam aktivitas kerja, namun juga memunculkan perilaku cyberloafing, yaitu penggunaan internet organisasi untuk kepentingan pribadi selama jam kerja. Stres kerja diduga berperan dalam mendorong munculnya perilaku tersebut sebagai bentuk coping maladaptif ketika tuntutan pekerjaan melebihi kemampuan individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara stres kerja dan cyberloafing pada karyawan Dinas Sosial Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 112 karyawan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan skala stres kerja dan skala cyberloafing dengan format Likert lima poin, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Spearman Rank karena data tidak berdistribusi normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif yang sangat signifikan antara stres kerja dan cyberloafing (rs = 0,602; p < 0,01). Temuan ini mendukung Transactional Model of Stress yang menjelaskan bahwa stres kerja dapat memicu strategi coping maladaptif. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa stres kerja berperan penting dalam meningkatnya perilaku cyberloafing pada karyawan instansi pemerintahan.
Downloads
References
Adhana, I., & Herwanto, H. (2023). Hubungan antara kontrol diri dan stres kerja dengan perilaku cyberloafing pada pegawai negeri sipil di Kantor Pelayanan Bea dan Cukai Kota Pekanbaru. Jurnal Psikologi Industri dan Organisasi, 8(2), 45–56.
Aisyah, N., Putri, R., & Maulana, A. (2025). Conscientiousness dan cyberslacking pada mahasiswa di Surabaya. Jurnal Psikologi Terapan, 10(1), 12–25.
Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia (APJII). (2018). Penetrasi & profil perilaku pengguna Internet Indonesia: Hasil survei 2018 (versi pendek). Jakarta: APJII.
Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia. (2023). Survei APJII: Pengguna internet di Indonesia tembus 215 juta orang. https://www.apjii.or.id/berita/d/survei-apjii-pengguna-internet-di-indonesia-tembus-215-juta-orang
Askew, K., Buckner, J. E., Taing, M. U., Ilie, A., Bauer, J. A., & Coovert, M. D. (2014). Explaining cyberloafing: The role of personality, attitudes, and organizational factors. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 510–521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.011
Aziswidianto, K. F., & Laksmiwati, H. (2024). Hubungan antara stres kerja dengan perilaku cyberloafing pada karyawan. Character Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 11(1), 644–656. https://doi.org/10.26740/cjpp.v11i1.62107
Beehr, T. A., & Newman, J. E. (1978). Job stress, employee health, and organizational effectiveness: A facet analysis, model, and literature review. Personnel Psychology, 31(4), 665–699. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1978.tb02118.x
Blanchard, A. L., & Henle, C. A. (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing: The role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(3), 1067–1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2007.03.008
Bondanini, G., Giovanelli, C., Mucci, N., & Giorgi, G. (2025). The dual impact of digital connectivity: Balancing productivity and well-being in the modern workplace. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 22(6), 845. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22060845
Cooper, C. L., & Marshall, J. (1976). Occupational sources of stress: A review of the literature relating to coronary heart disease and mental ill health. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 49(1), 11–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1976.tb00325.x
Eurofound, & International Labour Organization. (2017). Working anytime, anywhere: The effects on the world of work. Publications Office of the European Union.
Fahmi, T. (2024). Transformasi digital dan pengaruhnya terhadap budaya organisasi: Tinjauan literatur sistematis. Jurnal Manajemen Akuntansi dan Ilmu Ekonomi, 1(2), 101–109. https://doi.org/10.70585/jumali.v1i2.46
Fakhriya. (2024). Pengaruh self-control terhadap perilaku cyberloafing pada karyawan generasi Z di perusahaan startup digital. Jurnal Psikologi dan Konseling West Science, 4(1), 515–523. https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsps.v4i1.10111
Gallup. (2025). State of the global workplace: 2023 report. Gallup, Inc. https://www.gallup.com/workplace/349484/state-of-the-global-workplace.aspx
Ganster, D. C., & Rosen, C. C. (2013). Work stress and employee health: A multidisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 39(5), 1085–1122. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206313475815
Gibbs, M., Mengel, F., & Siemroth, C. (2023). Work from home and productivity: Evidence from personnel and analytics data on information technology professionals. Journal of Political Economy: Microeconomics, 1(1), 7–41. https://doi.org/10.1086/721803
Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., Donnelly, J. H., & Konopaske, R. (2012). Organizations: Behavior, structure, processes (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
How COVID-19 has pushed companies over the technology tipping point—and transformed business forever. McKinsey & Company.
Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(2), 285–308. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392498
Kemp, S. (2023). Digital 2023: Indonesia. We Are Social & Kepios. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2023-indonesia
Koay, K. Y. (2018). Workplace ostracism and cyberloafing: A moderated–mediation model. Internet Research, 28(4), 1122–1141. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-07-2017-0268
Lafont, J., Ruiz, F., Gil-Gómez, H., & Oltra-Badenes, R. (2020). Value creation in listed companies: A bibliometric approach. Journal of Business Research, 115, 428–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.01.012
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing Company.
Leka, S., Griffiths, A., & Cox, T. (2003). Work organisation and stress: Systematic problem approaches for employers, managers and trade union representatives (Protecting Workers’ Health Series No. 3). World Health Organization.
Lestari, I. A., & Hatta, M. I. (2022). Hubungan komitmen organisasi dengan perilaku cyberloafing pada karyawan milenial. Bandung Conference Series: Psychology Science, 2(2), 128–134.
Lim, V. K. G. (2002). The IT way of loafing on the job: Cyberloafing, neutralizing, and organizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(5), 675–694. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.161
Lim, V. K. G., & Teo, T. S. H. (2005). Prevalence, perceived seriousness, justification and regulation of cyberloafing in Singapore: An exploratory study. Information & Management, 42(8), 1081–1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2004.12.002
Luthans, F. (2011). Organizational behavior (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Mount, M. K., Barrick, M. R., & Stewart, G. L. (1998). Five-factor model of personality and performance in jobs involving interpersonal interactions. Human Performance, 11(2–3), 145–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959285.1998.9668029
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2019). OECD skills outlook 2019: Thriving in a digital world. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/df80bc12-en
Rachmawati, A., Suhadianto, & Pratikto, H. (2024). Stres akademik dan cyberslacking pada mahasiswa. JIWA: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 2(2), 446–461. https://doi.org/10.30996/jiwa.v2i2.10713
Reinecke, L., & Hofmann, W. (2016). Slacking off or winding down? Cyberloafing and psychological recovery. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 94. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00094
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational behavior (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Sarwono, J. (2022). Statistik untuk penelitian sosial: Teori dan aplikasi (cet. terbaru). Pustaka Pelajar.
Selye, H. (1936). A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents. Nature, 138(3479), 32. https://doi.org/10.1038/138032a0
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of Personality, 72(2), 271–324.
Vitak, J., Crouse, J., & LaRose, R. (2011). Personal Internet use at work: Understanding cyberslacking. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(5), 1751–1759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.03.002
World Health Organization. (2022). WHO guidelines on mental health at work. World Health Organization. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/363156
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Dewi Lawung Wati Tri Wardani, Diah Sofiah, Etik Darul Muslikah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Writers who wish to include images, tables, or parts of the text that have been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner for print and online formats and to include proof that such permission has been given when submitting their paper. Any material received without such evidence will be deemed to be from the author.
